radiation
Transfer of heat energy through space by wave motion.  Heat is not considered present until the energy strikes and is absorbed by an object.

rafter
A parallel beam used to support roof framing.

rake
A board used on a slant or incline.

rayon
A natural textile fiber used as a fabric.

readings
As used through out P1M as the temperature and relative humidity reading.

reduction
The gain or loss of electrons due to a chemical reaction.

relative humidity
The ratio of water vapor present in air to the highest amount possible at the same temperature.

remove and reset
The process of removing a component or item and reinstalling or resetting the same item back in place.

repair
The process of correcting an unwanted action or malfunction.

re-shoring
The process of replacing a damaged structural component with a new one without damaging the balance of the structure.

residue
The remains from fire, smoke, soot, gases, etc.

residual
The remaining substance of a cleaning agent or PIC on a wall, ceiling, contents item, etc.

resilient flooring
See linoleum.

resin
A solid or semisolid flammable substance of organic or synthetic material that flows under stress, a natural polymer.

restoration
The process of bringing the original luster back to a structural component or contents item.

restorative cleaning
The process of cleaning to remove smoke, soot and gases from a component or contents item.

restorative drying
The process of extracting, rolling, dehumidification and wicking to dry out a structure.

retardent
A substance used to delay the flow of moisture, water, heat, flame, etc.

ridge beam
A horizontal board used to secure the top of rafters.

riser
The upright member between two steps.

rust
A powdery scaly red, orange, brown color formed on the surface of irons due to an abundance of oxygen and water.

R-value
The measurement of a materials resistance to heat flow.

salvage
The recovery (monetary) value of a damaged component or item.

sanitary water
Potable water from a broken water (pipe) line.

sanitize
Readily clean, not 100% disinfected.

saturation
Equilibrium, 100% relative humidity, when an object or the air cannot retain any more water (moisture).

scissors truss
A roof truss constructed of wood in a web shape to extend the load from the bottom of the truss to its upper members.

scope
Terminology used to describe the process of viewing or observing the inside of ductwork, chimney chases, etc.

scope of work
Ones views of the extent of damages and treatments needed to make the appropriate repairs.

score
To notch or make an incision

sealer
A pigment paint containing stain blockers to prevent the bleeding of oxidized surfaces.

secondary damages
(1) Corrosion, rust, mold, mildew, fungi, odor, etc. caused by the primary damages of a loss. (2) As a result from the improper calculation of the dew point and temperature when drying out a structure.

seepage
The slow process of water passage into a structure.

selective demolition
The removal of selective building components in a manner where they can be re-installed; non-destructive.

settling
(1) The shrinking or dislodging of a support. (2) The lowering of a structure due to its load or soil conditions.

sewage
A liquid waste containing animal, plant and/or chemical matter.

sheetrock
See drywall.

shore
The temporary support of a structural member.

sizing
Glutinous material used to fill pores in surfaces or to stiffen fabrics.

smoke residue
A gases product of combustion made visible by carbon particles.

smoke stain
The discoloration and texture change caused from the oxidation of combustible matter.

sodium chloride
NaCl, salt.

sodium hypochlorite
NaClO, chlorine bleach.

soil
(1) Earth, dirt. (2) An organic matter as embedded in a synthetic carpet that mold and fungi can grow on.

sole plate
The bottom plate of a framed wall or partition.

solubility product
Type of equilibrium where a concentration of all ions are raised to the appropriate power.

solute
Any substance that is dissolved in a solution.

solution
Mixture, two or more substances.

solvent
A substance readily dissolved in a liquid.

soot
Fine particles formed from the incomplete combustion of fuels, can be powdery, oily or tarry based on the fuel source.

source odors
Odors as related to the peril; sewage, etc.

specifications
The written requirements for materials, systems and workmanship in the construction of a building.

spores
A small specialized structure that can grow into an organism, the dormant state of molds.

sporicide
An agent used to destroy (kill) bacteria and fungi.

statute of limitation
The time frame that legal action can be brought forward for damages or injury.

steam cleaning
The process of using pressurized steam to remove dirt and grease.

steel studs
Galvanized formed steel, used in lieu of wood to construct structural walls and partitions, available in varying widths and gauges, generally used in commercial and institutional facilities for its non-flammability.

sterilization
The process of making sterile, the complete removal of all contaminates.

stress crack
(1) Cracks in plaster and drywall caused by heat expansion or moisture expansion. (2) Cracks in plaster and drywall caused by building stress due to expansion and contraction.

stringer
A diagonal timber used to support stair risers.

structural steel
Steel formed in varying shapes I-beam, etc. to withstand the live and dead loads of a structure.

stucco
Cement plaster, as used as an exterior surface coating on buildings.

subcontractor
A person or company who has a contract with the contractor for a portion of a projects work.

subfloor
The underlying flooring used to support the finished floor, can be used as a structural support for lateral loads.

subrogation
To put in place of another, as an insurance companies right to recover loss value in the policyholder(s) name.

subro-spoliation
To disturb or spoil the evidence of an item or item(s) of subrogation potential, to destroy the evidence.

substrate
The underlying materials that support the materials on the surface.

subsurface drying
The process of forcing air or negative air pressure to dry out the underlying member.

sulfur
NO2, a constituent of proteins.

sulfur dioxide
SO2, the decomposition of sulfur, corrosive.

sundry
Miscellaneous items needed for a complete installation; nuts, bolts, etc.

supplement
Additional items missed or hidden when preparing the original estimate.

suspended ceiling
A ceiling system consisting of T-framed members as hung from the structure with wires to carry ceiling tile, light fixtures, diffusers, drywall etc.

threshold limit values
TLV's, the exposure limit workers are allowed to be exposed to a substance within a 8-hour period during a 40- hour work week as set forth by ACGIH and as policed by OSHA.

time and material
T&M, as referring to a method of charging by the hour for labor and actual materials used plus an overhead and profit in lieu of a guaranteed lump sum price for services rendered.

tongue and groove
T&G, a wood plank having a groove on one end and projecting tongue on the other end.

top plate
The horizontal member along the top of stud wall or partition, load bearing and exterior walls require a 2-stud top plate, while interior non-load bearing walls or partitions generally only require a 1-stud top plate.

total loss
Not economically feasible to repair, when cost to repair exceeds 80% of its value.

toxic
Poison, substances that can cause physical harm to living organisms.

toxic gas detector
A mechanical device used to measure the presence of gases and VOC's.

tread
The horizontal part of stairs.

treated lumber
Wolmanized wood and lumber, can contain a percentage of chromium III, arsenic V, and copper, used in exterior construction to weather the elements of time.

trim
Molding; baseboard, door and window casing, etc., generally constructed from wood, plastics or metals.

truss
A pre-engineered structural member capable of supporting its dead load and live loads.